Logic Mid Exam – Addis Ababa University

Part I. Write true if the statement is correct and write false if it is incorrect

1. A deductive argument always proceeds from a general premise to particular conclusion

2. If an inductive argument has at least one false premise, then we know it is uncogent

Part II. Choose the best answer

1. Identify the incorrect statement

A. A is a sufficient condition for B: If A occurs, then B must occur
B. A is a necessary condition for B: If B occurs, then A must occur
C. A is not a sufficient condition for B if A occurs without B
D. A is not a necessary condition for B if B occurs without A

2. Which of the following sentences is not a statement?

A. The word ‘because’ is not a premise indicator
B. If an inductive argument has a false premise, then we know it is uncogent  
C. Either you called me last night or somebody else did
D. None of the above

3. If Tom is taller than Mike and Mike is taller than Jim, then Tom is taller than Jim. If Tom is taller than Jim, then Jim is shorter than Tom, Therefore, if Tom is taller than Mike and Mike is taller than Jim, then Jim is shorter than Tom.

Examining the above argument, which of the following is correct?

A. Valid
B. Invalid
C. Strong
D. weak

4. After eating lunch at the same restaurant, five individuals became ill with hepatitis. Inspectors from the Health department learned that while the five individuals had eaten different foods, they had all had tomatoes in their salad. Furthermore, this was the only food that all five had eaten. The inspectors concluded that the disease had been transmitted by the tomatoes.

Examining the above argument, which of the following is correct?

A. Deductive valid
B. Deductive invalid
C. Inductive strong
D. inductive weak

5. “No pan of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section of 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. “

Examining the above passage, which of the following is correct?

A. It is Warning
B. It is Explanation
C. It is Conditional Statement
D. It is a Report
E. It is Illustration

6. Which of following argument Is deductively Invalid?

A. All X are Y. No Z are Y. Therefore, no Z are X
B. Every virtue is laudable. Kindness is a virtue. Therefore, kindness is laudable
C. All women are married. Some executives are not married. So, some executives are not women
D. All robots are machines. No men are robots. Therefore, no men are machines

Part III. Match the names listed with the arguments given below

Argument based on Sign

Argument from Analogy

Inductive generalization

Argument based on Authority

Causal inference 

1. There will probably be a music concert by Jano Band in Jimma since there is a banner all over the town promoting it

2. Since Lucy’s brown T-shirt looks beautiful on her and since we both have the same skin color, so probably it will also look beautiful on me too

3. I had three girlfriends in the past and my relationship with all of them ended disastrously. Girls are not easy to live with

4. Eng. Rahel, who is a well respected civil-engineer, argues that most of the roads in Ethiopia are below standard, so the roads are probably in poor conditions because they are below standard

5. I found all the windows to my house broken; probably a burglar must have entered after I went to work

Part IV. Examine the following argument and determine its type as deductive or inductive and then evaluate it accordingly

“Since cholesterol is endogenous with humans. Therefore, it is manufactured inside the human body.”

1. Inductive/deductive _____

2. Valid/Invalid, strong/weak _____

3. Sound/unsound, cogent/uncogent _____

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